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Scalable and Modular

Architecture for CSS

A flexible guide to developing

sites small and large.

by Jonathan Snook

}

Scalable and Modular

Architecture for CSS

By Jonathan Snook

SMACSS: Scalable and Modular Architecture for CSS

http://smacss.com

ISBN 978-0-9856321-0-6

Snook.ca Web Development, Inc.

Ottawa, Ontario, Canada

http://snook.ca

Second edition

About the Author

Hi, my name is Jonathan Snook. I am a web developer and designer

who has been building websites as a hobby since 1994 and as a pro-

fessional since 1999.

I maintain a blog at Snook.ca where I write tips, tricks and book-

marks on web development. I also speak at conferences and work-

shops and have been thankful to have been able to travel the world

to share what I know.

I’ve co-authored two books to date: The Art and Science of CSS

(from Sitepoint) and Accelerated DOM Scripting (from Apress). I’ve

also written for .net magazine, A List Apart, Sitepoint.com, and

many more resources online and off.

Having worked on hundreds of web projects, including most recent-

ly on the successful Yahoo! Mail redesign, I’ve written this book to

share my experience with building websites small and large.

I’d like to express my deepest gratitude to everybody within the

community. Each and every one of you make this a career that I

continue to enjoy having. A special thank you to Kitt Hodsden for

pushing me to write this and share it with everyone. Lastly, to my

boys, Hayden and Lucas, who continue to push me to be a better

person.

Scalable and Modular Architecture for CSS

Introduction

I have long lost count of how many websites I’ve built. You would

think after having built a few hundred of them I would have discov-

ered the “one true way” of doing it. I don’t think there is one true

way. What I

have

discovered are techniques that can keep CSS more

organized and more structured, leading to code that is easier to

build and easier to maintain.

I have been analyzing my process (and the process of those around

me) and figuring out how best to structure code for projects on a

larger scale. The concepts were vaguely there with the smaller sites

that I had worked on but have become more concrete as a result of

working on increasingly complex projects. Small sites don’t often

hit the same pain points as larger sites or working with larger

teams; small sites aren’t as complex and don’t change as often.

However, what I describe in these pages is an approach that works

equally well for sites small and large.

SMACSS (pronounced “smacks”) is more style guide than rigid

framework. There is no library within here for you to download or

install. SMACSS is a way to examine your design process and as a

way to fit those rigid frameworks into a flexible thought process. It

is an attempt to document a consistent approach to site develop-

ment when using CSS. And really, who isn’t building a site with CSS

these days?! Feel free to take this in its entirety or use only the

parts that work best for you. Or don’t use it at all. I understand

that this won’t be everybody’s cup of tea. When it comes to web de-

velopment, the answer to most questions is “it depends”.

Scalable and Modular Architecture for CSS

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