70811_fm.pdf

HARRIS’

SHOCK AND

VIBRATION

HANDBOOK

Cyril M. Harris Editor

Charles Batchelor Professor Emeritus

of Electrical Engineering

Columbia University

New York, New York

Allan G. Piersol

Editor

Consultant

Piersol Engineering Company

Woodland Hills, California

Fifth Edition

McGRAW-HILL

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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Harris’ shock and vibration handbook / Cyril M. Harris, editor, Allan G.

Piersol, editor.—5th ed.

p. cm.

ISBN 0-07-137081-1

1. Vibration—Handbooks,

manuals,

etc.

2. Shock (Mechanics)—

Handbooks, manuals, etc.

I. Harris, Cyril M., date.

II. Piersol, Allan G.

TA355.H35

2002

620.3—dc21

2001044228

permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this pub-

lication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or

stored in a data base or retrieval system, without the prior written permission

of the publisher.

1234567890 DOC/DOC

07654321

ISBN 0-07-137081-1

The sponsoring editor for this book was Kenneth P. McCombs, the editing

supervisor was Stephen M. Smith, and the production supervisor was Sherri

Souffrance. It was set in Times Roman by North Market Street Graphics.

Printed and bound by R. R. Donnelley & Sons Company.

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This book is printed on acid-free paper.

Information contained in this work has been obtained by The

McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. (“McGraw-Hill”) from sources

believed to be reliable. However, neither McGraw-Hill nor its

authors guarantee the accuracy or completeness of any infor-

mation published herein and neither McGraw-Hill nor its

authors shall be responsible for any errors, omissions, or dam-

ages arising out of use of this information. This work is pub-

lished with the understanding that McGraw-Hill and its authors

are supplying information but are not attempting to render

engineering or other professional services. If such services are

required, the assistance of an appropriate professional should

be sought.

ABOUT THE EDITORS

Cyril M. Harris , one of the world’s leading authorities on shock, vibration, and

noise control, currently lectures at Columbia University where he is the Charles

Batchelor Professor Emeritus of Electrical Engineering. Dr. Harris has received

many honors for his scientific and engineering achievements, including membership

in both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineer-

ing. He has been the recipient of the Gold Medal and the Sabine Medal of the

Acoustical Society of America, the Franklin Medal of the Franklin Institute, the

Gold Medal of the Audio Engineering Society, and the A.I.A. Medal of the Ameri-

can Institute of Architects.

He received his Ph.D. degree in physics from M.I.T. and has been awarded hon-

orary doctorates by Northwestern University and the New Jersey Institute of Tech-

nology. Among books written or edited by Dr. Harris are the following McGraw-Hill

publications: Handbook of Acoustical Measurements and Noise Control, Third Edi-

tion (1991); Noise Control in Buildings (1994); Dictionary of Architecture and Con-

struction, Third Edition (2000); and Handbook of Utilities and Services for Buildings

(1990).

Allan G. Piersol is a professional engineer in private practice specializing in the

analysis of and design for shock, vibration, and acoustical environments. He received

an M.S. degree in engineering from UCLA and is licensed in both mechanical and

safety engineering. Mr. Piersol is a Fellow of the Acoustical Society of America and

the Institute of Environmental Sciences and Technology, and a recipient of the latter

organization’s Irvin Vigness Memorial Award. He is the co-author with Julius S.

Bendat of several books published by John Wiley & Sons, the most recent being

Engineering Applications of Correlation and Spectral Analysis , Second Edition

(1993), and Random Data: Analysis and Measurement Procedures , Third Edition

(2000). He is also a co-author of NASA-HDBK-7005, Dynamic Environmental Cri-

teria (2001), and a contributor to numerous other engineering handbooks.

PREFACE

The first edition of the Shock and Vibration Handbook in 1961 brought together for

the first time a comprehensive survey of classical shock and vibration theory and

current applications of that theory to contemporary engineering practice. Edited by

Cyril M. Harris and the late Charles E. Crede, the book was translated into several

languages and became the standard reference work throughout the world. The Sec-

ond Edition appeared in 1976, the Third Edition in 1988, and the Fourth Edition in

1996.

There have been many important developments in the field since the Fourth

Edition was published, including advances in theory, new applications of computer

technologies, new methods of shock and vibration control, new instrumentation,

and new materials and techniques used in controlling shock and vibration. Many

new standards and test codes have also been enacted. These developments have

necessitated this Fifth Edition, which covers them all and presents a thorough,

unified, state-of-the-art treatment of the field of shock and vibration in a single

volume that is approximately 10 percent longer than its predecessor edition. A new

co-editor, highly regarded as an author in his own right, has collaborated with an

original editor in this endeavor. The book brings together a wide variety of skills

and expertise, resulting in the most significant improvements in the Handbook

since the First Edition.

New chapters have been added and many other chapters updated, revised, or

expanded to incorporate the latest developments. Several chapters written by

authors who are now deceased have been revised and updated by the editors, but the

credits to the original authors are retained in recognition of their outstanding con-

tributions to shock and vibration technology. (For convenience, and to retain as

closely as possible the chapter sequence of prior editions, several chapters have been

designated Part II or III of an associated chapter.) The editors have avoided dupli-

cation of content between chapters except when such repetition is advisable for rea-

sons of clarity. In general, chapters in related areas are grouped together whenever

possible. The first group of chapters presents a theoretical basis for shock and vibra-

tion. The second group considers instrumentation and measurement techniques, as

well as procedures for analyzing and testing mechanical systems subjected to shock

and vibration. The third group discusses methods of controlling shock and vibration,

and the design of equipment for shock and vibration environments. A final chapter

presents the effects of shock and vibration on human beings, summarizing the latest

findings in this important area. Extensive cross-references enable the reader to

locate relevant material in other chapters. The Handbook uses uniform terminology,

symbols, and abbreviations throughout, and usually both the U.S. Customary System

of units and the International System of units.

The 42 chapters have been written by outstanding authorities, all of them experts

in their fields. These specialists come from industrial organizations, government and

university laboratories, or consulting firms, and all bring many years of experience to

their chapters. They have made a special effort to make their chapters as accessible

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